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Where do I find all these elementary conduits? Where do I find the more complicated ones? Although I know how to use them to make a track that doesn't blow up, how would I make a Herschel-to LWSS converter that works via synthesis, not some fancy conduit? (Don't even give one to me until I finish ...

The trivial answer to (1) is any spaceship. One might describe the result of your process applied to a given spaceship as "the manual gun". Clarifying the question may help eliminate such trivial answers.

This question sounds very similar to the attempts to find Lychrel Numbers ( http://en ...

Pre-glider curio:

I need a block to pi converter to complete this:
x = 103, y = 45, rule = B3/S23
88b5o$88bo4bo$88bo$79b6o4bo$79bo5bo5bo$67b2o10bo$23b6o37b2ob3o8bo4bo$
23bo5bo37b5o10b2o$23bo44b3o$24bo4bo$26b2o2$6o$o5bo$o$bo4bo63b2o$3b2o
63bo4bo25b2o$67bo12b4o5b3o5bo4bo$67bo5bo5b6o3b5o3bo$67b6o5b2ob4o2b2ob
3o3bo5bo ...

Even though I was looking for it, I think it still counts as an accidental find as I was looking at making a pi to split. Here is the "traffic splitter":

x = 132, y = 49, rule = B3/S23
56b2o$55b2ob3o$51bo4b5o$49bo3bo3b3o$43bo4bo33b2o$41bo3bo2bo4bo27b2ob4o
$40bo7b5o29b6o$40bo4bo37b4o$34b2o4b5o46b2o ...

After working with it a bit, here's some mechanisms that could be the start of Y-conduit logic:

x = 351, y = 52, rule = B3/S23
46b2o165bo79b2o$45b2ob4o159bo3bo75bo4bo$46b6o158bo17b4o48b2o8bo$47b4o
159bo4bo11b6o37b3o5bo4bo6bo5bo$210b5o11b2ob4o15b5o16b5o3bo12b6o$227b2o
19bo4bo14b2ob3o3bo5bo ...

...

I have been able to duplicate a block, but not separated enough to produce a fanout (Y-conduit).
x = 77, y = 92, rule = B3/S23
45b5o$45bo4bo$45bo$46bo3bo$35b2o11bo$34b2ob3o$24b2o9b5o$23b2ob4o6b3o$
24b6o$15b5o5b4o$15bo4bo$15bo$6b4o6bo3bo51b3o$5b6o7bo52b5o$4b2ob4o59b2o
b3o$5b2o64b2o4$2o$2o3 ...

These are some "conversions" that I've found... I think that most of them are probably well-known. I've added the glider duplicator in the middle...

x = 347, y = 142, rule = B3/S23
b3o$bo2bo3bo$bo5bobo$bo3bobo2bo$bo6b2o$2bobo38b3o$43bo2bo3bo$19b3o21bo
5bobo$18bo2bo21bo3bobo2bo$21bo21bo6b2o ...

Here's a LWSS/5 (or LWSS/10) divider:

x = 246, y = 204, rule = B3/S23
87bo2bo$85b6o$81b2obo8bo$77b2obobobob8o2bo$75b3ob2o3bobo7b3o$74bo6bo2b
o3b2ob3o$35bo2bo36b4o3bob4o5bob2o$33b6o37bo5bo5bo5bobo$29b2obo8bo32bo
3bo4bob2o2bo4b2o$25b2o3bobob8o2bo29b4o2b4obo4b2o2bo$23b3obobo2bobo3bo
3b3o34b2o4bo6b3o ...

I'm guessing that the construction of the front of the dart is already well-known:

x = 8, y = 13, rule = B3/S23
6$7bo$5b2o$6b2o$2b2o$bobo$3bo!


I thought I could get it close enough to a couple of loaves and then sort out how to 'fill in' the middle:

x = 31, y = 25, rule = B3/S23
10bo$8bobo ...

Not particularly small among p60 rakes, but it is a triple with two gliders rather close together:

x = 148, y = 34, rule = B3/S23
61bo$60bo24bo$60bo5bo17bo$60b6o18bo5bo$52b4o28b6o$51b6o$50b2ob4o77b2o$
51b2o80b2ob4o$134b6o$135b4o2$3b6o32b4o$3bo5bo30b6o$3bo26b4o5b2ob4o$4bo
4bo19b6o5b2o$6b2o20b2ob4o ...

Hive puffer:
x = 22, y = 19, rule = B3/S23
b4o13b2o$o3bo12b4o$4bo12b2ob2o$o2bo15b2o5$17b2o$18b2o$17b2o$17bo3$18b
2o$9b4o4b4o$8bo3bo4b2ob2o$12bo6b2o$8bo2bo!


An extra LWSS and two HWSS and it's a rake:

x = 38, y = 25, rule = B3/S23
5bo$6bo$o5bo$b6o2$10b4o$9bo3bo3b4o13b2o$13bo2bo3bo12b4o ...

...

Ah, I see! Are there any LWSS to Herschel converters?

Yes, here's one:

x = 38, y = 26, rule = B3/S23
6b2o$4bo4bo8b4o12b2o$3bo13b6o9bo4bo$3bo5bo6b2ob4o8bo$3b6o8b2o12bo5bo$
31b6o2$o2bo$4bo$o3bo$b4o5$3b6o$3bo5bo5b2o$3bo9bo4bo$4bo4bo2bo$6b2o4bo
5bo$12b6o2$25b2o$24b2ob4o$25b6o$26b4o!


It ...

...

I like!

x = 125, y = 109, rule = B3/S23
64b2o$5b2o55bo4bo$3bo4bo52bo$2bo58bo5bo$2bo5bo52b6o$2b6o$23b4o$22b6o$
6bobo12b2ob4o$22b2o$4b2o$3b2o$2b2o$3bo2bo2bo4b2o33bobo$4bobo2bo2b3obo
5b2o9bo14bo3bo$6b4obob2obo4bo2bo7b3o2b2o9bo4bo$8b2ob2o2b2o3b2ob2o6bob
2obo2bo8bo4bo ...

New (smallest of its kind?) rake:

x = 80, y = 30, rule = B3/S23
64b2o$5b2o55bo4bo$3bo4bo52bo$2bo58bo5bo$2bo5bo52b6o$2b6o$23b4o$22b6o$
6bobo12b2ob4o$22b2o$4b2o$3b2o$2b2o$3bo2bo2bo$4bobo2bo$6b4o$8b2o$76b2o$
b2o71bo4bo$2ob5o65bo$b7o47b2o16bo5bo$2b5o7b2o37bo4bo14b6o$13b2ob4o32bo
$2b2o10b6o32bo5bo ...

An unexpected reaction:

x = 53, y = 43, rule = B3/S23
5bobo$4bo2bo$3b2o$2bo$b4o$o4bo$o2bo$o2bo$bo$2b4obo$3bo3bo38b6o$4bo41bo
5bo$4bobo39bo$47bo4bo$3b3o43b2o$3b2o$3b2o4bobo4bobo8bo4bo16bo$3b5obo2b
o2bo2bob2o3b3o3b2o15bo2bo$5bo4bo3b2o8bo12b2o4bo7bo$3bo7bo6bo4b2ob4o3bo
2bobo3b3ob2o3bo ...

Here's the tightest spot I've ever fit an MWSS into (in the middle near the front of this ship):

x = 149, y = 33, rule = B3/S23
22b2o$20bo4bo$b5o5b5o3bo$bo4bo4bo4bo2bo5bo32b3o18b2o$bo9bo7b6o32b5o15b
o4bo36b5o18b6o$2bo4bo4bo3bo16b3o14bo5b2ob3o14bo42bo4bo17bo5bo$4bo9bo ...

I'm going to call this one a 'wick-walker' for lack of a better term. It doesn't burn all of the wick, but rather zooms away, releases two gliders, and the forward-moving glider starts the cycle over. This walker appears to move at roughly c/5 along this c/2 p24 wick, burning two of every five wick ...

A p20 wickstretcher:

x = 24, y = 18, rule = B3/S23
3b2o$2b2ob4o$3b6o$4b4o8b5o$16bo4bo$16bo$9o8bo3bo$o10bo7bo$o10bo$bo9bo
6b2o$3b2o4bo7bo$18bo2b2o$18bo4bo$3b2o14b2ob2o$2b2ob4o3b2o7bo$3b6o2b2ob
3o$4b4o4b5o$13b3o!


This wick is highly sensitive to glider hits, and will only burn cleanly when hit by ...

Here's a p540 puffer/rake for the H=3, T=7 case:

x = 18, y = 16, rule = B3/S23
4o$o3bo10bo$o7b2o4bobo$bo2bo2b4o3bobo$6b2o3bo$bo2bo2b4o3bobo$o7b2o4bob
o$o3bo10bo$4o3$12b5o$12bo4bo$12bo$13bo3bo$15bo!


It will take some cleanup to get just that salvo out of it, but perhaps a smaller and faster rake ...

A small p40 forward and back rake!

x = 43, y = 34, rule = B3/S23
18b2o$16bo4bo$22bo$16bo5bo$5b2o10b6o$3bo4bo$9bo17b3o$3bo5bo16b5o4b4o$
4b6o16b3ob2o2b6o$29b2o3b4ob2o$38b2o3$38b2o$41bo$42bo$42bo$34b9o3$35b4o
$34b6o$34b4ob2o$38b2o6$b6o$o5bo$6bo$o4bo$2b2o!


I think that's the smallest I could make ...

Here's a p60 puffer/rake with some curious debris:

x = 50, y = 46, rule = B3/S23
12b4o$11b6o$bo2bo5b2ob4o$o10b2o$o3bo$4o4$4bo$2b2o$2bo$2bo$3bo2$3bo$2bo
$2bo$2b2o$4bo2$4bo$2b2o$2bo$2bo$3bo2$3bo$2bo$2bo$2b2o$4bo4$4o5bo$o3bo
2b2o$o6bo2b3o2bo$bo2bo2bo4b3o29b2o$8b3o2b2o28b2ob4o$44b6o$8b3o2b2o30b
4o ...

Here's a triple-rake: back p48 glider, back p96 glider, and side p48 LWSS:

x = 361, y = 56, rule = B3/S23
133b4o$132b6o$131b2ob4o$132b2o8$255b2o$254b2ob4o$173b6o76b6o$173bo5bo
76b4o$173bo110b4o$174bo4bo103b6o4b4o$176b2o104b2ob4o3b6o$283b2o6b2ob4o
$176b3o113b2o$175b2o2bo$52b6o7b2o106b2obo2bo48bo ...

Here's a p240 rake/puffer:

x = 87, y = 56, rule = B3/S23
74b2o$73b2ob4o$74b6o$75b4o$65b2o$64b2ob3o$65b5o$66b3o8$7b5o$7bo4bo$7bo
$8bo3bo$10bo3$b2o$2ob4o$b5o$2b3o3$b4o$bo3bo$bo$2bo2bo2b2o$7b3o$2bo2bo
2b2o$bo$bo3bo$b4o3$2b3o$b5o$2ob4o30b4o$b2o33b6o$35b2ob4o$36b2o2$52b2o$
51b2ob4o$52b6o$53b4o2$80b6o ...

Here's a p60 puffer/rake with some curious debris:

x = 50, y = 46, rule = B3/S23
12b4o$11b6o$bo2bo5b2ob4o$o10b2o$o3bo$4o4$4bo$2b2o$2bo$2bo$3bo2$3bo$2bo
$2bo$2b2o$4bo2$4bo$2b2o$2bo$2bo$3bo2$3bo$2bo$2bo$2b2o$4bo4$4o5bo$o3bo
2b2o$o6bo2b3o2bo$bo2bo2bo4b3o29b2o$8b3o2b2o28b2ob4o$44b6o$8b3o2b2o30b
4o ...