Fumarole
| Fumarole | |||||||||
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| Pattern type | Oscillator | ||||||||
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| Number of cells | 18 | ||||||||
| Bounding box | 8 × 7 | ||||||||
| Frequency class | 35.8 | ||||||||
| Period | 5 (mod: 5) | ||||||||
| Heat | 12.8 | ||||||||
| Volatility | 0.72 | 0.72 | ||||||||
| Kinetic symmetry | -e | ||||||||
| Discovered by | Dean Hickerson | ||||||||
| Year of discovery | 1989 | ||||||||
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Fumarole is a period-5 oscillator that was found by Dean Hickerson on September 3, 1989.[1] In terms of its 18 cells it is the fourth smallest period 5 oscillator, after pseudo-barberpole, octagon 2, and Silver's p5; however, its 7 × 8 bounding box is the smallest of any known period 5 oscillator.
The domino spark that it provides makes it useful in the construction of higher period oscillators such as the p35 beehive hassler, p40 B-heptomino shuttle, and 98P25. On September 1, 1995, Noam Elkies found a way to non-trivially combine two fumaroles and a blinker into a period-10 oscillator, shown below;[2] 4 can be combined in a similar fashion.
| 2 fumaroles and a blinker (click above to open LifeViewer) RLE: here Plaintext: here Catagolue: here |
There is an unusual fumarole catalysis used in 45P25 shown below. The smallest p70 gun uses the same catalysis.
| 45P25, showing the unusual fumarole catalysis on the right. (click above to open LifeViewer) RLE: here Plaintext: here Catagolue: here |
Construction
In February 2000, Stephen Silver found a 7-glider synthesis of this oscillator.[3] There are known alternate syntheses.[4][5] In 2024, Carson Cheng found a 6-glider synthesis.[6]
Occurrence
- See also: List of common oscillators
On Catagolue, it is the second most common period 5 oscillator, being less common than octagon II but more common than Elkies' p5.[7]
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See also
References
- ↑ Dean Hickerson's oscillator stamp collection. Retrieved on March 14, 2020.
- ↑ x-oscs-new-p001-019.lif pattern collection
- ↑ Jason Summers' jslife pattern collection.
- ↑ The 4 eighteen-bit period 5 oscillators at Mark D. Niemiec's Life Page (download pattern file: 18/18fm.rle)
- ↑ Carson Cheng (March 25, 2023). Re: Synthesising Oscillators (discussion thread) at the ConwayLife.com forums
- ↑ Carson Cheng (March 1, 2024). Re: Synthesising Oscillators (discussion thread) at the ConwayLife.com forums
- ↑ Adam P. Goucher. "Statistics". Catagolue. Retrieved on October 27, 2018.
- ↑ Dave Greene (March 12, 2015). Re: Soup search results (discussion thread) at the ConwayLife.com forums
- ↑ https://catagolue.hatsya.com/hashsoup/C1/c_YqtsFrdbvyAm218509887/b3s23
External links
- Fumarole at the Life Lexicon
- Fumarole at Adam P. Goucher's Catagolue
- 18P5.1 at Heinrich Koenig's Game of Life Object Catalogs
- Fumarole at Wikipedia (origin of name)
- Patterns
- Patterns with Catagolue frequency class 35
- Natural periodic objects
- Oscillators with 18 cells
- Periodic objects with minimum population 18
- Patterns with 18 cells
- Patterns found by Dean Hickerson
- Patterns found in 1989
- Patterns that can be constructed with 6 gliders
- Oscillators
- Oscillators with period 5
- Oscillators with mod 5
- Oscillators with heat 12
- Oscillators with volatility 0.72
- Oscillators with strict volatility 0.72
- Oscillators with -e symmetry
- Sparkers
- Sparkers with period 5
- Domino sparkers
- Moderate sparkers