Fumarole

	Fumarole
	<a href="/wiki/File:Fumarole.png" class="image" title="Fumarole image"><img alt="Fumarole image" src="/w/images/2/23/Fumarole.png" decoding="async" width="161" height="145" /></a>
	<a href="/wiki/File:Fumarole.png" class="image" title="Fumarole image"><img alt="Fumarole image" src="/w/images/2/23/Fumarole.png" decoding="async" width="161" height="145" /></a>
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Pattern type	Oscillator
Number of cells	18
Bounding box	8×7
Frequency class	35.8
Period	5
Mod	5
Heat	12.8
Volatility	0.72
Strict volatility	0.72
Discovered by	Dean Hickerson
Year of discovery	1989
Rules
Outer-totalistic rules	B3/S23 – B3678/S02378
Important rules	Conway Life, HighLife
# of rules	26 = 64
Isotropic rules	B3aijq/S2-cn3jnqr – B2n34-aknry5-jnq678/S0234-aqr5-ainq6-a78
Glider synthesis
Fewest gliders	7
Catagolue-generated RLE	fumarole_synth.rle
Uploaded synthesis RLE	fumarole_synth.rle
Pattern files
Plaintext	fumarole.cells
RLE	fumarole.rle
Identifiers
apgcode	xp5_3pmwmp3zx11
Pentadecathlon ID	18P5.1

Fumarole is a period-5 oscillator that was found by Dean Hickerson on September 3, 1989.^[1] In terms of its 18 cells it is the fourth smallest period 5 oscillator, after pseudo-barberpole, octagon 2, and Silver's p5; however, its 7×8 bounding box is the smallest of any known period 5 oscillator. The domino spark that it provides makes it useful in the construction of higher period oscillators such as the p35 beehive hassler, p40 B-heptomino shuttle, and 98P25. On September 1, 1995, Noam Elkies found a way to non-trivially combine two fumaroles and a blinker into a period 10 oscillator, shown below;^[2] 4 can be combined in a similar fashion. In February 2000 Stephen Silver found a 7-glider synthesis of this oscillator.^[3]

Commonness

On Catagolue, it is the second most common period 5 oscillator, being less common than octagon II but more common than Elkies' p5.^[4]

Noam Elkies' period 10 oscillator involving two fumaroles and a blinker
RLE: here